Power System Utilization
Annual Load Factor
ALF\% = (Total\ Annual\ Energy / (Peak\ Demand \times 8760)) \times 100
Variables
| ALF% | Annual load factor | % |
| TotalEnergy | Total annual energy | kWh |
| PeakDemand | System annual peak demand | kW |
Engineering Example
A system with 3,500,000,000 kWh annual energy and a 600,000 kW peak: ALF = 3.5e9/(600000×8760)×100 ≈ 66.6%.
Practical Site Example
Used in long-term system planning to judge how evenly a grid's capacity is being used across the whole year.